Borrowing and repayment are two different stages
During the draw period, you can use the available line under its terms. Paying down the balance can free up credit to use again. Once repayment begins, new draws stop and you must repay what is left. The CFPB HELOC booklet walks through both stages and the questions to ask.
Rates and payments can change
Most HELOCs have a variable rate, which can move up or down. Ask how the rate is set, how often it can change and what caps apply. A short starting rate may end. Some plans let you move part of the balance to a fixed rate, with their own terms and fees.
An unused line is not a guaranteed safety net
A lender may freeze new draws or reduce the line under certain conditions, such as a major drop in home value or a change in your finances. Keep other savings for needs you cannot put off.
Match the loan to the home and your plans
Tell the lender if the home is your main home, a second home or a rental. Available programs and terms can differ. Ask about required property and flood insurance, and keep those costs beside taxes, dues and your loan payments.